• Ph.D., 1999, Forest Ecosystem Science, School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University.
• M.S., 1993, Quaternary Studies, Northern Arizona University.
• B.S., 1988, Geological Science, University of California at Santa Barbara.

Ph.D., Biological Sciences, Stanford University, 1990
M.S. Biological Sciences, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 1982
B.A., Biology, Swarthmore College, 1979

• B.S., 1979, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
• M.S., 1985, University of Dresden, Germany
• Ph.D., 1993, Oregon State University

• B.S., 1975, Forestry, University of Illinois, Urbana
• M.S., 1977, Resource Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula
• Ph.D., 1983, Rangeland Ecology, Oregon State University, Corvallis

• B.S., 1973, University of Illinois
• M.S., 1976, University of Washington
• Ph.D., 1989, Oregon State University

• B.S., 1980, Forest Management, University of Florida
• Ph.D., 1993, Forest Science, Oregon State University

• B.S., 1990, University of Pennsylvania
• M.S., 1994, University of Washington
• Ph.D., 2000, Cornell University